Yes, the LS245 can communicate over a 2 meter cable.

But (!) what you do not talk about is the signal speed. There is one thing to handle slow signals over that 2 meter cable. It's a completely different thing if you have many MHz signals on that line.

You have two issues - the cable have capacitance. And it is also an antenna. The capacitances affects how fast a transition can be. And the antenna effect means that one transition on one wire can affect another transition (started at a different time) on a different pin.

Note that IDE cables changed from 40 to 80 pins, as the standard allowed faster transfer rates.. The 40-pin cable had data signals did not have any ground wire between the individual data lines. The 80-wire cable for newer drives have an extra ground wire between each data line to reduce issues with cross-talk at high transfer rates, where the transition times are much more important.